President Obama reaches out to the Islamic world in a landmark speech
By Robert Fisk, The Independent
Preacher, historian, economist, moralist, schoolteacher, critic, warrior, imam, emperor. Sometimes you even forgot Barack Obama was the President of the United States of America.
Will his lecture to a carefully chosen audience at Cairo University “re-imagine the world†and heal the wounds of centuries between Muslims and Christians? Will it resolve the Arab-Israeli tragedy after more than 60 years? If words could do the job, perhaps…
It was a clever speech we heard from Obama yesterday, as gentle and as ruthless as any audience could wish for and we were all his audience. He praised Islam. He loved Islam. He admired Islam. He loved Christianity. And he admired America. Did we know that there were seven million Muslims in America, that there were mosques in every state of the Union, that Morocco was the first nation to recognize the United States and that our duty is to fight against stereotypes of Muslims just as Muslims must fight against stereotypes of America?
But much of the truth was there, albeit softened to avoid hurting feelings in Israel. To deny the facts of the Jewish Holocaust was “baseless, ignorant and hatefulâ€, he said, a remark obviously aimed at Iran. And Israel deserved security and “Palestinians must abandon violence…â€
The United States demanded a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. He told the Israelis there had to be a total end to their colonisation in the West Bank. “The United States does not accept the legitimacy of continued Israeli settlements.â€
The Palestinians had suffered without a homeland. “The situation for the Palestinian people is intolerable,†Obama said and the US would not turn its back on the “legitimate Palestinian aspiration for a state of their ownâ€. Israel had to take “concrete steps†to give the Palestinians progress in their daily lives as part of a road to peace. Israel needed to acknowledge Palestinian suffering and the Palestinian right to exist. Wow. Not for a generation has Israel had to take this kind of criticism from a US President. It sounded like the end of the Zionist dream. Did George Bush ever exist?
Alas, he did. Indeed, at times, the Obama address sounded like the Bush General Repair Company, visiting the Muslim world to sweep up mountains of broken chandeliers and shredded flesh. The President of the United States and this was awesome admitted his country’s failures, its over-reaction to 9/11, its creation of Guantanamo which, Obama reminded us all again, he is closing down. Not bad, Obama…
We got to Iran. One state trying to acquire nuclear weapons would lead to a “dangerous path†for all of us, especially in the Middle East. We must prevent a nuclear arms race. But Iran as a nation must be treated with dignity. More extraordinarily, Obama reminded us that the US had connived to overthrow the democratically elected Mossadeq government of Iran in the Fifties. It was “hard to overcome decades of distrust.â€
There was more; democracy, women’s rights, the economy, a few good quotes from the Koran (“Whoever kills an innocent, it is as if he has killed all mankindâ€.) Governments must respect “all their people†and their minorities. He mentioned the Christian Copts of Egypt; even the Christian Maronites of Lebanon got a look in.
And when Obama said that some governments, “once in power, are ruthless in suppressing the rights of othersâ€, there was a roar of applause from the supposedly obedient audience. No wonder the Egyptian government wanted to select which bits of Obama’s speech would be suitable for the Egyptian people. They were clearly very, very unhappy with the police-state regime of Hosni Mubarak. Indeed, Obama did not once mention Mubarak’s name.
Over and again, one kept saying to oneself: Obama hasn’t mentioned Iraq and then he did (“a war of choice… our combat brigades will be leavingâ€). But he hasn’t mentioned Afghanistan and then he did (“we do not want to keep our troops in Afghanistan… we will gladly bring every one of our troops homeâ€). When he started talking about the “coalition of 46 countries†in Afghanistan a very dodgy statistic he began to sound like his predecessor. And here, of course, we encountered an inevitable problem. As the Palestinian intellectual Marwan Bishara pointed out yesterday, it is easy to be “dazzled†by presidents. This was a dazzling performance. But if one searched the text, there were things missing.
There was no mention during or after his kindly excoriation of Iran of Israel’s estimated 264 nuclear warheads. He admonished the Palestinians for their violence for “shooting rockets at sleeping children or blowing up old women in a busâ€. But there was no mention of Israel’s violence in Gaza, just of the “continuing humanitarian crisis in Gazaâ€. Nor was there a mention of Israel’s bombing of civilians in Lebanon, of its repeated invasions of Lebanon (17,500 dead in the 1982 invasion alone). Obama told Muslims not to live in the past, but cut the Israelis out of this. The Holocaust loomed out of his speech and he reminded us that he was going to the site of the Buchenwald concentration camp the next day.
For a man who is sending thousands more US troops into Afghanistan a certain disaster-to-come in the eyes of Arabs and Westerners there was something brazen about all this. When he talked about the debt that all Westerners owed to Islam the “light of learning†in Andalusia, algebra, the magnetic compass, religious tolerance, it was like a cat being gently stroked before a visit to the vet. And the vet, of course, lectured the Muslims on the dangers of extremism, on “cycles of suspicion and discord†even if America and Islam shared “common principles†which turned out to be “justice, progress and the dignity of all human beingsâ€. There was one merciful omission: a speech of nearly 6,000 words did not include the lethal word “terrorâ€. “Terror†or “terrorism†have become punctuation marks for every Israeli government and became part of the obscene grammar of the Bush era.
An intelligent guy, then, Obama. Not exactly Gettysburg. Not exactly Churchill, but not bad. One could only remember Churchill’s observations: “Words are easy and many, while great deeds are difficult and rare.â€
President Barack Obama’s well-publicized speech in Cairo has attracted proportionate enthusiasm among observers from all quarters. High significance of the speech in current international politics is undeniable. Among many problems that the Obama administration has inherited from the Bush administration is the quandary about the Muslim world. The issue was so central that the new President had to touch on the subject while describing a general orientation of his administration during his inaugural speech. He has now brought the issue in forefront of current international relations.
Although undoubtedly the Palestinian crisis has been the main predicament in the US-Muslim world relations, the Afghan issue has overtaken as the prime issue in this relationship: the President identified the issue as number one in his speech. This is because the US is encountering increasingly more resistance in Afghanistan and has decided to send more troops to the region. The administration has entangled Pakistan into the conflict and has appointed a senior diplomat to handle the situation. We shall concentrate below on the situation in Afghanistan and other general questions in relation to US-Muslim world relationship. However, the general problem of the Muslim world relates to the idea of clash of civilizations, and the Obama administration inherited the clash of civilization scenario in the context of the Muslim world.
Obama’s selection of Turkey as the first Muslim country to visit was an excellent one. This is not only because of Turkey’s geo-political importance – standing firm on meeting ground between Islamic, Orthodox and Western civilizations, but also because of its legacy of being the last major Muslim power in history – Turkey has the experience of dealing with many nationalities and races. The President’s statement that there was no enmity between Islam and the US from the Turkish parliament was a very appropriate declaration. For Muslims, both in the US and rest of the world this was a much-admired act of reconciliation. The President seems to have been following recommendation of U.S.-Muslim Engagement Project.
However, the decision to deliver his major his policy-speech on the relationship between US and the Muslim world from Cairo, Egypt has not gone very well in the Muslim world. This is mainly because although Egypt also played somewhat important role in Muslim history, it is not a respectable entity in the Muslim world today. Egypt lost its credibility in the eyes of most Muslims when in 1978 it defied Arab and Muslim opinion and established diplomatic relations with Israel. Egypt was immediately expelled from both the Arab League (AL) and the Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC). Although Egypt was received back to the Arab and Muslim fold within few years, in the process the two Muslim international governmental organizations lost legitimacy in the eyes of common Muslims, rather than restoring Egypt’s credibility. More recently Egypt’s behavior toward the people of Gaza has angered many Muslims all over the world. Therefore, in our opinion attempts to legitimize Egypt in Muslim political affairs by the Obama administration will only harm the reconciliation process. However the President in his speech seems to have avoided giving any credible recognition to Mubarak government in Egypt.
Returning to the conflict in Afghanistan one clearly recognizes that the question has become a major challenge for Obama administration. The administration has drafted Pakistan into the affair and has committed more troops. Drafting Pakistan into the conflict was perhaps necessary because of geographical and historical relation between the two entities. However, as soon as the US appointment of a senior diplomat was announced, the administration came under pressure from Pakistan’s neighbor and traditional adversary – India and pro-Indian lobby groups in Washington to drop Kashmir problem2 from the list of assignments of the new envoy. This was a defeat for the new administration, for the question of Kashmir is a matter of human dignity and self-determination – common values that both Islamic and Western civilizations share. This raises the most challenging question: What does the US stand for? Hasn’t it declared commitment to introduce democracy in the Muslim world? What is democracy? Doesn’t democracy demand individual’s right to choose? If democracy means the right of self-determination, why are the people of Kashmir denied that right? In fact the President seems to have taken the issue in consideration in his speech: he highlighted the importance of maintaining law and order by consent, not by coercion. The most interesting observation in this context is the fact that when someone from the audience cried out “Allah Akbar†during his reference to coercion and consent in name of democracy, the President acknowledged it saying “thank you†– the only spontaneous thank you in the middle of the speech.
Again on the question of Afghan-Pakistan crisis, one must keep in mind that there can’t be any military solution to the predicament: History of the region carries plenty of evidences to this fact. Yet it seems that the administration is pursuing the military option. It is quite possible that Pakistani armed forces would capture the whole tribal belt between Afghanistan and Pakistan at the initial stage, but one must note that the real battle may begin only after such a military victory. And the conflict will not remain within the boundaries of Afghanistan and Pakistan; it will spill over not only to neighboring countries but much beyond. One will always find evidences of corruption and oppression (zulm) to engage in a liberation struggle (jihad) against new administrations in the region. The unresolved question of Kashmir will always provide them with sufficient pretext.
One may argue that democratically elected governments would be able to control any such uprising in the name of nationalism or religion, but in our opinion, one must examine how democratically these governments are elected and what role religion plays in politics in these countries. In Pakistan and Bangladesh, where elections have been conducted during the past year, the parties that lobbied in Washington have been elected and formed government. But do these “elected governments†really represent the people? One must examine this thoroughly. The cultivation of democracy must be genuine. In other words militants must be engaged in debate and discussion. One must keep in mind that the language of war for both, Pakistani armed forces and the militants are the same. Both draw inspiration from Islamic teachings. Pakistani armed forces are trained to fight “jay Hind†or “victory to India,†but not those who shout “Allah-u-Akbar†or “God is great.†The longer that this conflict lingers, the more devastating result it may bring for Pakistan armed forces. Perhaps this is the desire of India and pro-Indian lobby groups in Washington, but consequences of this conflict may turn disastrous for India as well. That is why it is necessary to engage with the militants; be it Taliban or al-Qaeda. The militants will hardly be able to support their views and activities from Islamic sources in public.
It seems, for militants fresh recruitment is very easy: some Christian evangelists inside the NATO and US troops have made it easy for them. According to some reports they are providing ammunition to the militants by circulating Bibles translated into Pashtu and Dari languages. Also corruption and nepotism among politicians are so rampant that one doesn’t even need to substantiate such claims. Is the Obama administration ready for all these challenges? One corollary of this problem is the role of international press and think-tanks on the region. Many of the news agencies and think-tanks seem to have been infiltrated by mercenary writers. Most of these think-tanks found little evidence of malpractice in the elections recently conducted in Bangladesh and Pakistan. Policy-makers must be careful about reports from the field.
Information about the militants being better armed than the Pakistan armed forces have been reported in the Pakistani press. Where and how did these arms reach there? This is an indication of the failure of official spy-agencies. Apparently hundreds of NGOs are working in the area. Are they all committed to bringing peace in the region? Policy-makers must also take these into consideration. The Obama administration should also consider replacing NATO troops by OIC troops. Under the circumstances moderate Muslim countries such as Turkey, Malaysia, Indonesia, Bangladesh etc may be able to do a better job than the NATO troops. The OIC currently doesn’t have military a military mandate. But creating one should not be difficult, if the US wants to do so. In fact, empowering the OIC would emphasize the point of Muslim self evaluation of the conflict.
Some critics have found lack of honesty in Obama’s speech: some Muslims have found no reference to Gaza concentration camp, and indiscriminate killing of civilians during the two devastating Israeli invasions of Lebanon in the past decades. Many Israelis believe that they are being pushed to “live†with Hamas and Hezbullah. Many Republicans in the US have found the speech too apologetic. Yet one must admit that overall the speech has generally greeted with enthusiasm. The speech has definitely opened up windows of opportunity for peace-loving activists all over the world. The President has urged for increased educational exchange program. As an academic I strongly feel that universities in the US and the Muslim world should immediately undertake the task. Introductory courses on Islamic and Western civilizations should be made available to all students at university level. Steps should be taken to secure economic and financial investments in Muslim countries. Many immigrant Muslims in the US would be able to invest in back home countries if the OIC, with the blessing of the US, ensures security of their venture. Malaysia and Turkey, as leading Muslim democracies, should undertake the responsibility to empower the OIC in all spheres of activities.
Overall there should be more investment in education by opening schools throughout the Muslim world. Also there is a need to create an unbiased media. Public debates should be encouraged on subjects such as Islam and democracy. Most importantly a culture should be created to cultivate accountability and transparency in government policies. The US should take lead in cultivating this culture by liberating itself of lobby groups and by opening an independent fresh enquiry into 9/11 tragic events. This will definitely enhance Muslim faith in Obama administration and will build the culture of “do what you say†or “walk the talks.†This is, as the President has decorated, would be in accordance to both the Qur’anic guidance as well as modern democratic principles.
I wrote “My expectations of Obama: between hope and fear†(Today’s Zaman, November 13, 2008) immediately after the election of Barack Obama. After over four months in power, I would like to say, I am now more hopeful about Obama presidency.
Abdullah al-Ahsan Professor, Department of History and Civilization International Islamic University Malaysia.
Economic news remains focused on banks and housing, while the threat mounts to the US dollar from massive federal budget deficits in fiscal years 2009 and 2010.
Earlier this year the dollar’s exchange value rose against currencies, such as the euro. UK pound, and Swiss franc, against which the dollar had been steadily falling. The dollar’s rise made US policymakers complacent, even though the rise was due to flight from over-leveraged financial instruments and falling stock markets into “safe†Treasuries. Since April, however, the dollar has steadily declined as investors and foreign central banks realize that the massive federal budget deficits are likely to be monetized.
What happens to the dollar will be the key driver of what lies ahead. The likely scenario could be nasty.
America’s trading partners do not have large enough trade surpluses to finance a federal budget deficit swollen to $2 trillion by gratuitous wars, recession, bailouts, and stimulus programs. Moreover, concern over the dollar’s future is causing America’s foreign creditors to seek alternatives to US debt in which to hold their foreign reserves.
According to a recent report in the online edition of Pravda, Russia’s central bank now holds a larger proportion of its reserves in euros than in US dollars. On May 18 the Financial Times reported that China and Brazil are considering bypassing the dollar and conducting their mutual trade in their own currencies. Other reports say that China has increased its gold reserves by 75 per cent in recent years.
China’s premier, Wen Jiabao, has publicly expressed his concern about the future of the dollar. Arrogant, hubris-filled American officials and their yes-men economists discount Chinese warnings, arguing that the Chinese have no choice but to support the dollar by purchasing Washington’s red ink. Otherwise, they say, China stands to lose the value of its large dollar portfolio.
China sees it differently. It is obvious to Chinese officials that neither China nor the entire world has enough spare money to purchase $4 trillion of US Treasuries over the next two years. According to the London Telegraph on May 27, Dallas Federal Reserve Bank president Richard Fisher was repeatedly grilled by senior officials of the Chinese government during his recent visit about whether the Federal Reserve was going to finance the US budget deficit by printing money. According to Fisher, “I must have been asked about that a hundred times in China. I was asked at every single meeting about our purchases of Treasuries. That seemed to be the principal preoccupation of those that were invested with their surpluses mostly in the United States.â€
US Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner has gone to China to calm the fears. However, even before he arrived, a Chinese central bank spokesman gave Geithner the message that the US should not assume China will continue to finance Washington’s extravagant budgets. The governor of China’s central bank is calling for the abandonment of the dollar as reserve currency, using the International Monetary Fund’s Special Drawing Rights in its place.
President Lyndon Johnson’s “guns and butter†policy during the 1960s forced president Richard Nixon to eliminate the gold backing that the dollar had as world reserve currency, putting foreign central banks on the same fiat money standard as the US economy. In its first four months, the Obama administration has outdone president Johnson. Instead of ending war, Obama has expanded America’s war of aggression in Afghanistan and spread it into Pakistan. War, bailouts, and stimulus plans have pushed the government’s annual operating budget 50 per cent into the red.
Washington’s financial irresponsibility has brought pressure on the dollar and the US bond market. Federal Reserve Chairman Bernanke thought he could push down interest rates on Treasuries by purchasing $300 billion of them. However, the result was to cause a sharp drop in Treasury prices and a rise in interest rates.
As monetization of federal debt goes forward, US interest rates will continue to rise, worsening the problems in the real estate sector. The dollar will continue to lose value, making it harder for the US to finance its budget and trade deficits. Domestic inflation will raise its ugly head despite high unemployment.
The incompetents who manage US economic policy have created a perfect storm.
The Obama-Federal Reserve-Wall Street plan for the US to spend its way out of its problems is coming unglued. The reckless spending is pushing the dollar down and interest rates up.
Every sector of the US economy is in trouble. Former US manufacturing firms have been turned into marketing companies trying to sell their foreign-made goods to domestic consumers who have seen their jobs be moved offshore. Much of what is left of US manufacturing–the auto industry–is in bankruptcy. More decline awaits housing and commercial real estate. The dollar is sliding, and interest rates are rising, despite the Federal Reserve’s attempts to hold interest rates down.
When the Reagan administration cured stagflation, the result was a secular bull-market in US Treasuries that lasted 28 years. That bull market is over. Americans’ living standards are headed down. The American standard of living has been destroyed by wars, by offshoring of jobs, by financial deregulation, by trillion dollar handouts to financial gangsters who have, so far, destroyed half of Americans’ retirement savings, and by the monetization of debt.
The next shoe to drop will be the dollar’s loss of the reserve currency role. Then the US, an import-dependent country, will no longer be able to pay for its imports. Shortages will worsen price inflation and disrupt deliveries.
Life for most Americans will become truly stressful.
Paul Craig Roberts was Assistant Secretary of the Treasury in the Reagan administration.
This month, we started to answer questions such as what potential green industry can be built in Michigan, and to what extent will that offset the decline in the auto industry. This began with the release of the Michigan Green Jobs Report, the first rigorous empirical study of the green economy in Michigan that includes specific green work in five areas:
1. agriculture and natural resources; 2. clean transportation and fuels; 3. increased energy efficiency; 4. pollution prevention and environmental cleanup; 5. renewable energy production.
We found that Michigan currently has 109,067 private-sector green jobs. Already, green jobs make up 3 percent of private-sector employment.
Clean transportation and fuels is the largest green economy sector in Michigan, with just over 40 percent of green jobs. This is probably unique among the 50 states and reflects both our automotive heritage and a potential center of growth as hybrid and electric vehicles and advanced batteries develop.
While the report did not attempt to project green job growth, it suggests that there is huge potential for expansion over both the short and long term.
From 2005 to 2008, a sample of 358 green-related firms added over 2,500 jobs to Michigan’s economy. They grew by 7.7 percent at a time when Michigan’s overall private-sector employment actually shrank 5.4 percent.
Among renewable energy firms in this sample, the growth rate hit 30 percent. Renewable energy production, which today is Michigan’s smallest green sector, may be the fastest growing.
There’s more good news: the green economy appears to be a hotbed of entrepreneurial activity. Among the sample of 358 green-related firms, over 70 appeared to be newly created since 2005, accounting for nearly 600 new jobs already.
What is more, green jobs tend to pay well. Thirteen of the top 15 sectors of green employment boast average weekly wages above Michigan’s overall private sector average, several of them far above.
And green jobs encompass a wide range of occupations and skill levels. As the green economy grows, it appears there will be room and need for many types of workers to lend a hand and brain.
Education and training are key issues for green employers. In multiple focus groups, employers emphasized the need for basics in math and reading with additional skills to be acquired on the job or in formal training in community colleges and universities.
The best news of all may be what Michigan’s 109,000 green jobs do not represent. These jobs were largely already in place before Michigan adopted a requirement that 10 percent of our energy come from renewable sources by 2015; before we required regulated utilities to spend a portion of their revenue on energy efficiency measures for their customers; before Michigan created incentives to manufacture advanced batteries here; before the implementation of President Obama’s Recovery Act, which, among other things, will pour $243 million into Michigan to weatherize the homes of low-income residents.
The green economy is real and here to stay. Future reports may show that public policies spurring the growth of the sustainable economy mean many more good jobs for Michiganders and all Americans. Now we know – that’s not hype, it’s hope. And the administration is continuing to go anywhere and do anything to create these green jobs – and attract them – here in Michigan.
Sunday June 14, 2009, from ‘asr to ‘isha. Guest speakers: Moulana Mirza Abujafar Beg, imam of Jamaica Muslim Center, NY, Muhaddis Mawulana Abdus Salam, imam of Masjidun Nur, Sheikh Muhammad Musa, BMUC imam, Moulana Shaikh Hamud Al-Afif, Dearborn Masjid imam, and Mawulana Sheikh Qari Muhammad Elias, imam of Masjid Belal, Ypsilanti.
All are invited and welcome.
Masjid Nur’s Tax ID # is 38-2180539. Their website is at www.masjidunnur.net. 11311 Mound Rd., Detroit, MI 48212.
Rochester–June 6–People willing to speak out–in the face of massive reprisals by an organized and motivated group of individuals and institutions who aim to destroy anyone daring to challenge even Israel’s most outrageous policies–are few and far between, especially among people with established reputations.
But such a man is Professor John Mearsheimer of the University of Chicago, who together with Professor Stephen Walt published The Israel Lobby and US Foreign Policy in 2007, describing in detail the extent to which a narrow and powerful lobby within the United States skews American foreign policy to an extent far beyond the level of influence to be expected from the small minority of people who have ties to Israel.
Professor Mearsheimer was invited to IAGD for its fundraiser Saturday night, and he described his perception of the future of Israel and the Palestinians concisely before an audience of perhaps 150 people.
Essentially, he argued that the only way forward, for Israel, for Palestinians, and for the United States, is a two-state solution, something the Israel Lobby is likely to oppose tooth and nail. In fact the Israel Lobby represents the far right of the Israeli political spectrum.
Absent a two-state solution, he explained the most likely future will be an apartheid-like state which will be indefensible in world public opinion.
“More American Jews should understand that Israel is in serious trouble and things are likely to get worse, not better,†he said.
He said the Israeli population shows signs of malaise, explaining that perhaps 1 million Israelis now live outside Israel, saying that now more Israelis move out of Israel than into it, citing statistics that 25% of Israelis have considered moving abroad, and–worse–50% of young people have considered moving abroad.
For the US, support of Israel is costly. Mearsheimer quoted the 911 Report which said 911 planner KSM’s animus to the United States stemmed primarily from Israel; and Mearsheimer explained that Osama Bin Laden had been concerned since his youth about Palestine.
MARTINEZ, GA–The Islamic Society of Augusta has obtained permission from the Columbia County Planning Commission to construct a mosque. The commission has rezoned less than acre of property that will provide additional land for the project.
The Society has plans to construct a 30,000 sq.ft. community center, which included a prayer hall, a multi-purpose room for special events, and 11 classrooms.
The Planning Commissioners unanimously passed the resolution last month.
The Society has decided to name the complex after three youths who were killed in a tragic inter-state 20 crash in 2005. It will be called TIE Center. Each letter in “TIE†represents the first letter in the first names of Tariq Fischer, Imran Khan and Ebadullah Hasan.
Muhammad Ali Center & Alltech philanthropy
LOUISVILLE,KY– Biotechnology firm Alltech and the Muhammad Ali Center announced a joint initiative at Alltech’s International Health and Nutrition Symposium. Alltech president and founder, Dr. Pearse Lyons presented Muhammad and Lonnie Ali a check for $50,000 to establish the Alltech – Muhammad Ali Center Global Education and Charitable Fund. The focal point of the fund is education. Alltech and the Muhammad Ali Center will stress programs that positively impact others around the world, promote excellence and achieving one’s potential. The fund will have humanitarian and artistic components as well.
“The Muhammad Ali Center is delighted to be associated with Alltech and to announce a global education and charitable fund that will combine the goals and efforts of our two entities,†said Greg Roberts, president and CEO of the Muhammad Ali Center in Louisville. “Both of our institutional goals include social responsibility and education. This fund will help us to have greater impact around the world.â€
Zia Rahman passes away, South Jersey Muslim leader
VOORHEES, NJ– Zia Rahman, a pillar of the Muslim community in South Jersey passed away on Tuesday. He was the managing director of the Muslim American Community Association and a long time interfaith activist.
It was largely due to his efforts that a Voorhees mosque was built despite stiff opposition. The mosque was officially inaugurated in 2006.
He was praised by the area’s Mayor and interfaith leaders. “Zia was a wonderful ambassador for Voorhees,†said Mayor Michael Mignogna. He served on the township’s diversity council and Camden County’s Human Relations Commission. The Muslim community deeply mourns his loss.
Germantown Maryland group wants to build mosque
GERMANTOWN, MD–The Islamic Society of Germantown has bought an acre of land in the area and announced its plans to construct a mosque. It has submitted its plans to the county’s Planning Department and hopes to have a decision by the end of the the year. There are an estimated 200-300 Muslim families in the area.
Plans include a two story, 10,00-12,000 sq.ft. mosque, classrooms, and seating for about 230 people. The multi-purpose center would also host weddings, funerals, prayers and other events.
The project is expected to cost around $900,000.
Synagogue opens its doors for Muslims
RESTON, VA–Away from the conflicts of the Middle East, Muslim and Jews are cooperating in a unique manner in Virginia. The Northern Virginia Hebrew Congregation in Reston has opened its doors on Fridays for Muslims to conduct the Jumuah prayers.
“We think it’s important to promote understanding between faiths,†said Rabbi Robert Nosanchuk in an interview to TV8.
“We share common values, common concerns. A relationship has to be built always on trust. And I think we’ve really built that trust,†said Imam Mohammed Magid of the All Dulles Area Muslim Society.
Dr. Abdul Raheman Nakadar & Dr. Aslam Abdullah in Houston
Publisher and Editor in Chief of Muslim Observer Newspaper Dr. Abdul Raheman Nakadar & Dr. Asalam Abdullah came to Houston last weekend and did two Seminars: One on “Building Community Media Institutions†under the organization of Muslim Observer local bureau and the second Seminar was on “Education in India†done at the American Federation of Muslims of Indian Origin (AFMI) Houston Dinner.
At Mezban restaurant, both Dr. Abdul Raheman Nakadar & Dr. Asalam Abdullah cited examples from the recent Elections of Year 2008 as to how Muslim Observer Newspaper had impact on the thought process and campaigning of various candidates including the top challenge for the President of USA. They emphasized that unless and until we establish a media institution and work together, we will not able to enhance the stature of the community, as much of our meager resources and energies will be lost: Time for a Muslim Community Media Institution is now: Any further delay will take the community further back and make life difficult for the future generations. Muslim Observer has going through one decade of continuous publication and brings something new and fresh every week for the readers. People can subscribe to the newspaper for themselves, their nearest library, congressperson, school, prison, etc. and this way expand the readership and voice of the community able to reach out larger audience. One can subscribe at: www.muslimobserver.com.
The next day at Lasani restaurant, both the esteemed guests attended the dinner of AFMI, which was attended by many. Dr. Abdul Raheman Nakadar & Dr. Asalam Abdullah said when India got independence, the Indian Muslims were looked down upon and their loyalty was challenged. Over the years through continuing efforts and perseverance, the Muslims of India have turned their tide themselves: Their education level has improved and social position has been improved. AFMI has contributed in this stride by encouraging education and health facilities for all and Dr. Nakadar through PowerPoint presentation showed many worthwhile educational and social assistance and reform projects of AFMI in India. For more information, once can visit www.afmi.org
ICNA Welcomes President Obama’s Historical Speech
The Islamic Circle of North America (ICNA) welcomed the speech made by President Barack Obama in Cairo, Egypt, and issued the following statement:
“The America that was envisioned by the founding fathers was presented in reality for the first time as President Barack Obama delivered his historical speech at Cairo University on June 4, 2009. The President showed his respect for Islam and Muslims and presented the true picture of Islam. His speech made the American Muslim community proud of their country and their president.â€
Dr. Zahid Bukhari, President of the Islamic Circle of North America, said, “President Obama has very wisely presented his vision of this global village that we all call our world. He has touched upon the sensitive issues in a careful yet dignified manner. His speech was historical in all regards. The Muslim world has been ignored by the previous administration, causing great harm to the image of America not only in the eyes of over 1.5 billion Muslims worldwide but also in the eyes of all those just and peace-loving citizens of the world. President Obama’s speech presents a great shift in American foreign policy.â€
In his speech, President Obama vowed not to tolerate Islamophobia of any kind when he said, “I have known Islam on three continents before coming to the region where it was first revealed. That experience guides my conviction that partnership between America and Islam must be based on what Islam is, not what it isn’t. And I consider it part of my responsibility as President of the United States to fight against negative stereotypes of Islam wherever they appear.â€
The president also said, “So let there be no doubt: Islam is a part of America. And I believe that America holds within her the truth that regardless of race, religion, or station in life, all of us share common aspirations – to live in peace and security; to get an education and to work with dignity; to love our families, our communities, and our God. These things we share. This is the hope of all humanity.â€
ICNA hopes that President Obama will make all efforts to bring an end to the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and will bring the American troops back home. We believe that the suffering of the Palestinian people must come to an end and President Obama has the ability, support and vision to do just that. We also hope that the American foreign policy will support and strengthen democratic Muslim countries.
For more information, one can contact Naeem Beig, Vice President for Public Affairs, Islamic Circle of North America, E-Mail: NaeemBaig@GMail.Com; Cell: (917) 202-2118; Web-Page: www.icna.org.
Dr. Abdul Raheman Nakadar & Dr. Aslam Abdullah in Houston
Publisher and Editor in Chief of Muslim Observer Newspaper Dr. Abdul Raheman Nakadar & Dr. Asalam Abdullah came to Houston last weekend and did two Seminars: One on “Building Community Media Institutions†under the organization of Muslim Observer local bureau and the second Seminar was on “Education in India†done at the American Federation of Muslims of Indian Origin (AFMI) Houston Dinner.
At Mezban restaurant, both Dr. Abdul Raheman Nakadar & Dr. Asalam Abdullah cited examples from the recent Elections of Year 2008 as to how Muslim Observer Newspaper had impact on the thought process and campaigning of various candidates including the top challenge for the President of USA. They emphasized that unless and until we establish a media institution and work together, we will not able to enhance the stature of the community, as much of our meager resources and energies will be lost: Time for a Muslim Community Media Institution is now: Any further delay will take the community further back and make life difficult for the future generations. Muslim Observer has going through one decade of continuous publication and brings something new and fresh every week for the readers. People can subscribe to the newspaper for themselves, their nearest library, congressperson, school, prison, etc. and this way expand the readership and voice of the community able to reach out larger audience. One can subscribe at: www.muslimobserver.com.
The next day at Lasani restaurant, both the esteemed guests attended the dinner of AFMI, which was attended by many. Dr. Abdul Raheman Nakadar & Dr. Asalam Abdullah said when India got independence, the Indian Muslims were looked down upon and their loyalty was challenged. Over the years through continuing efforts and perseverance, the Muslims of India have turned their tide themselves: Their education level has improved and social position has been improved. AFMI has contributed in this stride by encouraging education and health facilities for all and Dr. Nakadar through PowerPoint presentation showed many worthwhile educational and social assistance and reform projects of AFMI in India. For more information, once can visit www.afmi.org
ICNA Welcomes President Obama’s Historical Speech
The Islamic Circle of North America (ICNA) welcomed the speech made by President Barack Obama in Cairo, Egypt, and issued the following statement:
“The America that was envisioned by the founding fathers was presented in reality for the first time as President Barack Obama delivered his historical speech at Cairo University on June 4, 2009. The President showed his respect for Islam and Muslims and presented the true picture of Islam. His speech made the American Muslim community proud of their country and their president.â€
Dr. Zahid Bukhari, President of the Islamic Circle of North America, said, “President Obama has very wisely presented his vision of this global village that we all call our world. He has touched upon the sensitive issues in a careful yet dignified manner. His speech was historical in all regards. The Muslim world has been ignored by the previous administration, causing great harm to the image of America not only in the eyes of over 1.5 billion Muslims worldwide but also in the eyes of all those just and peace-loving citizens of the world. President Obama’s speech presents a great shift in American foreign policy.â€
In his speech, President Obama vowed not to tolerate Islamophobia of any kind when he said, “I have known Islam on three continents before coming to the region where it was first revealed. That experience guides my conviction that partnership between America and Islam must be based on what Islam is, not what it isn’t. And I consider it part of my responsibility as President of the United States to fight against negative stereotypes of Islam wherever they appear.â€
The president also said, “So let there be no doubt: Islam is a part of America. And I believe that America holds within her the truth that regardless of race, religion, or station in life, all of us share common aspirations – to live in peace and security; to get an education and to work with dignity; to love our families, our communities, and our God. These things we share. This is the hope of all humanity.â€
ICNA hopes that President Obama will make all efforts to bring an end to the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and will bring the American troops back home. We believe that the suffering of the Palestinian people must come to an end and President Obama has the ability, support and vision to do just that. We also hope that the American foreign policy will support and strengthen democratic Muslim countries.
For more information, one can contact Naeem Beig, Vice President for Public Affairs, Islamic Circle of North America, E-Mail: NaeemBaig@GMail.Com; Cell: (917) 202-2118; Web-Page: www.icna.org.
By Ahmed Khan–Ahmed Khan is an Associate Organizer, Council of Islamic Organizations of Greater Chicago.
Crucial Arabic Resolution Passes Illinois Senate
A crucial resolution has recently passed in the Illinois Senate during the 96th General Assembly session for 2009 which helps pave the way for the introduction of Arabic language instruction in the state’s public schools. . The resolution is SJR0068 –“To encourage school districts in this State to explore the introduction of Arabic as a foreign language in their curriculum.†The joint resolution was passed through the Senate Committee on May 30th and was adopted by the Senate.
Senate sponsors for the resolution were Senators Jacqueline Y. Collins (D-16th District), Michael Noland- (D-22nd District), and Michael Bond (D-31st District.) The resolution has since been sent to the House for approval and has received sponsorship from Rep. Mary Flowers (D-31st District.)
Advocacy for this resolution was the effort of the Council of Islamic Organizations of Greater Chicago during their Muslim Action! Day event where 500 Illinois Muslims went to Springfield to promote this cause. Although this is not legislation and the matters of school curriculum is planned by the local school districts, the passage of such a resolution by the Illinois Senate sends a powerful message to the local levels to create an atmosphere of open mindedness and interest regarding the implementation of Arabic in schools. It provides strong leverage for interested community members to initiate dialogue with the support of their legislators.
Last year, the Chicago Public Schools recently re-allocated $1 million for a select number of schools to teach foreign languages including Arabic in an effort to expand their Critical Language Program. There are federal grants available for schools interested in Arabic language instruction. Arabic is currently offered in only seven Chicago schools; however introduction of Arabic in suburban schools has faced some opposition such as in School Districts 229 and 230. Implementation of Arabic curriculum would be an asset on many levels to both Muslims and non-Muslims and passage of this resolution is a strong step forward.
CIOGC Hosts Free Legal and Financial Seminar for Muslim Organizations
On May 30th, a Free Legal and Financial seminar for Mosques and Muslim Non-Profit Organizations was organized by the Council of Islamic Organizations of Greater Chicago and California based Muslim Advocates. The event was also co-sponsored by numerous local law firms and the Chicago Muslim Bar Association. Close to 70 administrators and community leaders from the greater Chicago land area attended this informative seminar held at Elmhurst College. Representatives from ICNA, Downtown Islamic Center, Muslim Community Center, and the Islamic Center of Naperville attended among others.
Omari Kamal, Finance Manager at the Inner City Muslim Action Network, said, “Legal and financial issues pertaining to Muslim organizations are quite unique but common within the community itself. The information is so hard to get or obtain with specifics and Muslim Advocates holding such a seminar was very resourceful. It is important we create benchmarks for all organizations to model themselves after.â€
Mazen Asbahi, Attorney At Law, and moderator of the Muslim Organizations Nonprofit Governance segment, highlighted that he offers a complimentary hour long non profit management training presentation on governance issues for Muslim Organizations. Khalil Khalil of Zarzour, Khalil & Tabbara LLC, discussed Immigration Law Issues pertaining to Religious Worker Visas. Other topics discussed were Financial Best Practices, International Charitable Transactions and Operations, and Employment Law presented by various lawyers, accountants, and experts from the IRS and ACLU. Akhil Vohra, Counsel for Muslim Advocates, reviewed Muslim Advocate’s free services and walked attendees through 20 Standards of Charity Accountability to help them achieve the Better Business Bureau‘s Seal of Approval.
Saleem Sheikh, Board Member of Islamic Foundation of Villa Park and Treasurer of the CIOGC said, “There are a lot of people who are active and form organizations but do not realize the legal and financial aspects of running Muslim organizations. They are not all experts in these fields and this seminar raises the importance of both being aware and involving legal and financial experts in the process.â€
You can pursue more information by contacting info@ciogc.org and visiting asbahilaw.com or muslimadvocates.org.
Retailers including UK supermarkets may be at risk of prosecution for misleading consumers by selling goods from the Palestinian Territories under the label “West Bankâ€, lawyers have warned.
Fruit, wine and cosmetics originating from illegal Israeli settlements are among the goods that lawyers representing Palestinian interests argue are regularly being wrongly labelled, so that buyers might conclude they are actually produced by Palestinians. In a separate issue, they say illegal settlements are also wrongly benefiting from preferential trade agreements with Israel, which are meant only for goods from inside its pre-1967 borders.
“The use of the expression ‘West Bank’ may in many cases fail to give the consumer the full picture,†said barrister Kieron Beal from Matrix Chambers. He added that in other cases, “where goods have come from the occupied Palestinian Territories they should not be labelled as having their place of origin as Israelâ€.
The warnings come as government proposals for implementing new EU rules on product labelling, which make it illegal to deceive consumers, are expected within a month. Departments including the Office of Fair Trading, the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, and HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) have been grappling with the issue. Under UK law it is already illegal to present food products in a way which is “likely to misleadâ€, while European rules include strict measures requiring accurate “country of origin†information to be given.
Concerns about consumers being misled have been compounded by claims that Israeli exporters have benefited from preferential trading terms that allow goods from inside Israel’s pre-1967 borders exemption from import duties.
“It is a breach of the agreement for settlement goods to be imported as Israeli products getting preferential tariffs,†said Liberal Democrat MEP Sarah Ludford. “The labelling of herbs sold as ‘West Bank’ [for example] seems to me such an abuse. It is up to UK customs authorities to enforce the origin rules.â€
“[Officials] should consider referring the matter to the anti-fraud office of the European commission,†said Sarah Macsherry, a lawyer at Christian Khan solicitors and member of Lawyers for Palestinian Human Rights, a UK-based group.
HMRC denied that goods from the Palestinian Territories could take advantage of the system. “Any claim to Israeli preference which is accompanied by a proof of preferential origin indicating production [in a location] brought under Israeli administration since 1967 is immediately refused,†a spokesman said.
But officials are concerned about the issue. “The department is aware … that the location shown on the proof of origin may be that of a head office in Israel, when the goods concerned may have originated in a settlement,†HMRC said.
Kareem Shora was appointed by DHS Secretary Napolitano on Homeland Security Advisory Council (HSAC)
Washington, DC | June 5, 2009 | www.adc.org | The American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (ADC) is proud to announce that earlier today at a ceremony held in Albuquerque, New Mexico, DHS Secretary Janet Napolitano swore-in ADC National Executive Director Kareem Shora as a member of the Homeland Security Advisory Council (HSAC).
HSAC members, limited by charter to no more than 21, are appointed by the DHS Secretary and are comprised of national security experts from state, local and tribal governments, first responder communities, academia and the private sector. HSAC provides advice and recommendations directly to Secretary Napolitano on homeland security issues. ADC President Mary Rose Oakar said “This appointment is a great reflection on Kareem’s ability and the work of the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee. We are very proud of Kareem and believe his appointment will be very helpful in the protection of the civil rights of people with Arab roots as well as othersâ€.
Other members of the HSAC include Lee Hamilton, former Congressman and President of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars; Martin O’Malley, Governor of Maryland; Judge William Webster, former Director of Central Intelligence; Sonny Perdue, Governor of Georgia; Raymond Kelly, New York City Police Commissioner; Louis Freeh, former FBI Director and Senior Managing Partner at Freeh Group International; Frances Fragos Townsend, former White House Homeland Security Advisor; Kenneth “Chuck†Canterbury, National President of the Fraternal Order of Police; Manny Diaz, Mayor of Miami, Florida; Jared “Jerry†Cohon, President of Carnegie Mellon University; Leroy “Lee†Baca, Sheriff of the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department; Clark Kent Ervin, former DHS Inspector General and Director of the Homeland Security Program at The Aspen Institute; Sherwin “Chuck†Wexler, Executive Director of the Police Executive Research Forum; Harold Schaitberger, General President of the International Association of Firefighters; and Joe Shirley Jr., President of the Navajo Nation, among others.
Shora, who joined ADC in 2000 as Legal Advisor, was ADC Legal Director before he was appointed to his current position as National Executive Director in 2006. He is a recipient of the 2003 American Immigration Lawyers Association (AILA) Arthur C. Helton Human Rights Award. He has been published by the National Law Journal, TRIAL Magazine, the Georgetown University Law Center’s Journal on Poverty Law and Public Policy, the Harvard University JFK School of Government Asian American Policy Review, the American Bar Association (ABA) Air and Space Lawyer, and the Yeshiva University Cardozo Public Law Policy and Ethics Journal. A frequent guest on Al-Arabiya and Al-Jazeera and numerous American television programs, Shora has spoken about civil rights, civil liberties and immigration policy with many national and international media outlets including the Wall Street Journal, Voice of America, the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Associated Press, CNN and the Chicago Tribune among others. He has also testified before major international human rights bodies including regular testimonies before the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and the United Nations Human Rights Commission. He is also a member of the ODNI Heritage Community Liaison Council.
By Thomas Erdbrink, Washington Post Foreign Service
A supporter of Iran’s presidential election candidate Mirhossein Mousavi, with her hair braided with green ribbons, attends a campaign rally in Tehran June 9, 2009. Green is the campaign colour of Mousavi.
REUTERS/Ahmed Jadallah
TEHRAN, June 8 — Supporters of both leading candidates in this week’s Iranian presidential election flocked to mass rallies here Monday, and the gatherings underscored the differences between the tactics of the two camps.
More than 100,000 backers of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad gathered in traditional fashion at a central mosque, arriving in buses organized by members of the baseej, Iran’s voluntary paramilitary force. The crowds were so dense that Ahmadinejad’s vehicle was unable to reach the stage.
Wearing a headband in the colors of the Iranian flag, the symbol of Ahmadinejad’s campaign, Leili Aghahi, 17, waved at the president. Ahmadinejad stood for a while on the roof of his sport-utility vehicle, immobilized by the adoring crowd, then left without giving a speech.
“Our supporters like to be close to the president,†said Javad Shamaqdari, a presidential adviser on the arts who is also the director of Ahmadinejad’s campaign movies. “The Grand Mosque is a good, central meeting place for us,†he added.
Supporters of Ahmadinejad’s main challenger, former prime minister Mir Hossein Mousavi, had to be more inventive to find a place for their rally. Over the weekend, a government organization refused permission for his campaign to use Tehran’s 120,000-seat Azadi Stadium for a rally originally planned for Sunday. But in less than 24 hours, using text messages and Facebook postings, thousands of Mousavi backers gathered along Vali-e Asr Avenue, Tehran’s 12-mile-long arterial road.
Many brought green ropes or strings, which they tied together to form a giant chain in Mousavi’s signature color. Groups wearing green head scarves or green T-shirts arrived from schools and universities. “This way, down here,†student organizer Mohsen Ghadiri, 19, called to about 40 students from the prestigious Elm-o-Sanat University, as they looked for empty spaces in the long line of people.
“Thanks to Internet and text messages, we can rally big crowds in a very short time,†noted Ghadiri, who wore a green shirt emblazoned with Mousavi’s portrait. Shamaqdari, Ahmadinejad’s adviser, called Mousavi’s campaign tactics a form of “psychological warfare†copied from the “color revolutions†that swept away governments in Georgia and Ukraine.
“They place groups of 100 people wearing colors at several locations in Tehran. This disrupts traffic, making people think that something big is happening,†he said. “These are all the methods of a velvet revolution, but this one is only meant to get them votes.â€
Reza Badamchi, manager of a pro-Mousavi Web site, disagreed. “If there are any similarities between our campaign and a velvet revolution, this is purely accidental. We don’t want a revolution. We want Mousavi to win,†he said.
Badamchi’s site, called Sepidedam.com, broadcasts speeches by Mousavi, who has repeatedly complained that state television favors Ahmadinejad. “So we still get our message out through the Web. And the best part is, it’s for free,†Badamchi said, adding that “these are the most digital and virtual elections ever†in Iran.
Shamaqdari portrayed Mousavi’s supporters as geeks who spend too much time at their computers.
“Even though it is bad for their mental health, Mousavi’s supporters spend hours on the Internet,†he said. “Our youths are more social. They like to hang out at baseej centers, on the streets or play sports. They like to meet in groups. Mousavi’s supporters are more solitary.â€
NEW DELHI: History was certainly created, opening a new chapter in India’s politics, when senior Congress leader Meira Kumar took charge last week (June 3) as the first woman Speaker of Lok Sabha, the Lower House of Indian Parliament. It is to be watched as to what degree does this actually contribute to development of Indian women and pushing through the much-delayed Women’s Reservation Bill. The controversial bill promotes 33 percent reservation for women in Lok Sabha and state assemblies. Kumar was elected by consensus with leaders of several parties proposing and seconding her name for the august post. Congress president Sonia Gandhi was the first to propose Kumar’s name. Senior Congress leader, Pranab Mukherjee, who is also Leader of the House, seconded the motion. Leader of the opposition, senior Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) leader L.K. Advani was the next to propose Kumar’s name. Senior BJP leader Sushma Swaraj seconded his motion. Fourteen legislators moved motions proposing Kumar’s name, following which she was elected by a voice vote with the legislators declaring their support by thumping of desks.
Extending congratulations, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh said: “Madam Speaker, it’s my proud privilege to greet you respectfully on behalf of the government and the people of country for being elected to be the Speaker of this august house.†“It is in many ways a historic occasion as for the first time a women has been elected that too a women from the Dalit community. By electing you, we pay homage to the womanhood of our country,†Kumar was an “embodiment†of qualities, “wisdom, knowledge and experience,†possessed by her late father, former deputy prime minister Jagjivan Ram, Singh said. Kumar’s services as a distinguished diplomat, 25 years in Parliament and her role as a minister would stand her in good stead to execute her “onerous job†well, Singh said. Welcoming Kumar’s election, Advani expressed confidence that her experience in public life would help her serve as Speaker in an efficient manner and 15th Lok Sabha would run smoothly.
Thanking the House for bestowing this honor on her, Kumar said that assumption of the Speaker’s office by a woman was a “historic†occasion. “I assure the House that I will pay full attention to all sections of the House. I also assure you that neither I will be biased against the Opposition nor I will give any opportunity for the Treasury benches to complain,†she said.
Displaying her concern on Lok Sabha having been witness to stormy scenes in the past, leading to its abrupt adjournments, Kumar said: “We should discuss and debate and if need be we should express differences but in a gentle manner without affecting the working of the House.†Expressing that Indians do not welcome such disruption of the proceedings of House, Kumar said: “Disrupting of the work of Parliament does not allow the review of the work of government, its omissions and commissions by Parliament and the principles of democracy demand that this should not happen.â€
Observing that there were 58 women legislators in Lok Sabha, Kumar said: “This highlights the fact that the Indian woman cannot wait any longer to set herself free from the bondages of the society and seek equal share on the path of development.â€
Among the few parties, which did not file nominations proposing Kumar’s name as the Speaker was Communist Party of India-Marxist (CPI-M). Explaining this, CPI-M leader Basudeb Acharia said that the government had “not approached†his party “properly†on this. Nevertheless, Acharia expressed hope that with a woman becoming the Speaker, the long-pending bill for women’s reservation would be pushed through the House.
During her address to the joint session of the Parliament, President Pratibha Patil said that the government will “initiate steps within the next hundred days†on several measures (June 4). These include, Patil said: “Early passage of Women’s Reservation Bill in Parliament providing for one-third reservation to women in state legislatures and in Parliament.†Patil also created history by assuming office as the first woman President of the country on July 25, 2007. Her becoming the President has played no role in pushing Women Reservation Bill through the Parliament.
At present, 58 women members constitute less than eleven percent of the 543-member Lok Sabha. Though selection of Kumar as the first woman Speaker definitely constitutes a major development, it is as yet too early to view this move as an indicator of Congress’ plans to push forward the Women’s Reservation Bill. Rather, Kumar has been deliberately selected primarily because of her being a Dalit. Congress is hopeful of playing on this political card to attract Dalit votes to its party in the Hindi belt. The Congress apparently aims at creating a dent in the Dalit-support enjoyed there, particularly by Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), which is headed by a Dalit leader Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Mayawati and Samajwadi Party.
Besides, Kumar’s election as Speaker of Lok Sabha has had no impact in changing the attitude of politicians who have opposed the bill from the beginning. Sharad Yadav (Janata Dal-United) threatened to consume poison if the bill was passed in its present form (June 5). Clarifying his opposition, Yadav said that there should a “quota within the quota.†“I am not asking for a reservation of 33 percent (for women), it could even be 50 percent. But ground realities should not be overlooked. Weaker sections among women face more difficulty.†Taking a strong stand against the bill, Samajwadi leader Mulayam Singh Yadav said that the bill should be passed only by a consensus. He warned of a people’s movement if the bill was pushed through the Parliament. Explaining that he was not against greater participation of women in politics, Yadav said that leaders like Advani (BJP), Lalu Prasad (Rashtriya Janata Dal) and others had achieved political success through “hard struggles†and not in a day. Describing the bill as a conspiracy, he said: “This bill is dangerous for leadership of Lok Sabha. It is a conspiracy. It would finish the leadership.†Amid this backdrop, it is to be watched whether the bill is amended to include quota for weaker sections, including Muslim women, and is passed by consensus; it is pushed through within less than 100 days in its present form; or it is allowed to only gather dust, which would suggest the relevance Kumar’s election as Speaker holds for the bill– whether it is symbolic or not!
Vitamins are organic components in food that are needed in very small amounts for growth and for maintaining good health. The vitamins include vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin A, and vitamin K, or the fat-soluble vitamins, and folate (folic acid), vitamin B12, biotin, vitamin B6, niacin, thiamin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, and vitamin C (ascorbic acid), or the water-soluble vitamins. Vitamins are required in the diet in only tiny amounts, in contrast to the energy components of the diet. The energy components of the diet are sugars, starches, fats, and oils, and these occur in relatively large amounts in the diet.
Most of the vitamins are closely associated with a corresponding vitamin deficiency disease. Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets, a disease of the bones. Vitamin E deficiency occurs only very rarely, and causes nerve damage. Vitamin A deficiency is common throughout the poorer parts of the world, and causes night blindness. Severe vitamin A deficiency can result in xerophthalamia, a disease which, if left untreated, results in total blindness.Vitamin K deficiency results in spontaneous bleeding. Mild or moderate folate deficiency is common throughout the world, and can result from the failure to eat green, leafy vegetables or fruits and fruit juices. Folate deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia, which is characterized by the presence of large abnormal cells called megaloblasts in the circulating blood. The symptoms of megaloblastic anemia are tiredness and weakness.
Vitamin B12 deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia and, if severe enough, can result in irreversible nerve damage. Niacin deficiency results in pellagra. Pellagra involves skin rashes and scabs, diarrhea, and mental depression. Thiamin deficiency results in beriberi, a disease resulting in atrophy, weakness of the legs, nerve damage, and heart failure. Vitamin C deficiency results in scurvy, a disease that involves bleeding. Specific diseases uniquely associated with deficiencies in vitamin B6, riboflavin, or pantothenic acid have not been found in the humans, though persons who have been starving, or consuming poor diets for several months, might be expected to be deficient in most of the nutrients, including vitamin B6, riboflavin, and pantothenic acid.
Some of the vitamins serve only one function in the body, while other vitamins serve a variety of unrelated functions. Hence, some vitamin deficiencies tend to result in one type of defect, while other deficiencies result in a variety of problems.
Vitamin treatment is usually done in three ways: by replacing a poor diet with one that supplies the recommended dietary allowance, by consuming oral supplements, or by injections. Injections are useful for persons with diseases that prevent absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Oral vitamin supplements are especially useful for persons who otherwise cannot or will not consume food that is a good vitamin source, such as meat, milk or other dairy products. For example, a vegetarian who will not consume meat may be encouraged to consume oral supplements of vitamin B12.
I was greatly honored to be asked to write about my perceptions of Barack Obama’s speech addressing the Islamic World by the Center for Islam and Democracy in Washington, D.C. even though I am a mere Man of the Book. Through my writings here, my audience should be able to perceive how greatly I have dedicated my career to Muslims gaining their rightful place within American Civil Society, and, thereby, to increase their respect upon the world stage. This expanded essay in and of itself, gives this composition a perspective of a writer looking in rather than one looking out upon Islam and Obama.
Most of what the (U.S.) President addressed in his June 4th speech in Cairo was a breath of fresh air, but, at the same time, he was constrained by his domestic right-wing American Israeli Lobby (AIPAC), and, therefore, his comments ignored Palestine’s right to self-defense, and to admit Israel’s constant State terrorism, and, furthermore, Washington’s part in enabling it. Until Tel Aviv renounces these policies, peace in our mutual Holy Land cannot be achieved! The U.S. has to end the Settlements and the “Wall!†If Washington is not willing to do this with our client state in the Levant, Barack’s words are no more than hot air. Obama alludes to “America’s strong bonds with Israel†that are “unbreakable.†This does not bode well for a long term solution to the intolerable Palestinian indignities. Yet, the President committed the American Republic to “…not turn our backs on [the] aspiration for a [Palestinian] state…†He committed the goal for his Middle East foreign policy to a two State solution within the tri-Sectarian former Mandate from the old League of Nations.
The President admitted that “…many Muslims view the West as hostile…to Islam…,†but “some in my country [America]…view…Islam hostile to America and…to human rights.†This is the basic conundrum between the United States and its allies and the Islamic East.
Obama came to find a middle ground: “…recognizing our common humanity is only the beginning of our task…†Barack Hussein Obama continues, “…my responsibility… [is] to fight against negative stereo-types of Islam…†He further avows that “…Our problems must be dealt with partnership…â€
He asserts that in the Islamic regions and in the West “The first issue…is violent extremism.†In this sense, his Administration’s policy has not changed its counter-insurgency goals from the previous government, but, unlike the Bush regime, “America is not…at war with Islam.â€
Also, as I wrote last week in my column, the decision to deliver the speech in politically repressive Egypt, and not meet with the Democratic forces there – such as the Muslim Brotherhood – and, further, not to include Hamas in any Palestinian peace negotiations is a grave error, and could, in the long run, destroy any good will generated by these recent statements made in North Africa.
These directions are for firefox 3.0.10 but should probably work for other versions.
If your firefox url location bar suddenly gives results from Bing instead of Google and you want Google back again, here is how you can switch it back:
type “about:config†in the url bar… click “I’ll be careful, I promise!†in the “This might void your warranty†notification box.
type “keyword†in the “filter barâ€
you should now have a few choices—right click on “keyword.URL†… click “modify†… paste the following text into the box …
President Barack Obama this week said his long-anticipated speech to the Islamic world, to be delivered in Egypt today, is part of an initiative to "change the conversation" between the United States and Muslims around the globe.
But many local Muslims wonder whether the new president’s actions will be enough.
Many said they are hoping the president will offer such specifics as plans for withdrawing U.S. troops from Iraq, his intentions in neighboring Afghanistan and Pakistan, and details for a path toward resolving conflicts between Israelis and Palestinians. Other observers, however, question whether Muslim countries — many of which have authoritarian regimes — are prepared to formally expand relationships with the United States.
"We know that he is walking a very tight rope," said Victor Ghalib Begg of the Council of Islamic Organizations of Michigan. "He doesn’t have a magic wand, and there are so many competing interests. So, I would say I am hoping he will perform a miracle. But I’m not prepared to be either disappointed or really elated at this time, because it is a very complicated situation."
Since taking office, Obama has made overtures to Muslims — in his inaugural speech, an interview with the Dubai-based Al-Arabiya television network, a major speech in April in Ankara, Turkey, and this week’s call for Israel to end the building of settlements in the West Bank.
But many of Metro Detroit’s Muslims — estimated at 125,000 to 200,000, the most in the United States — as well as observers of other faiths, say today’s speech provides an opportunity for Obama to signal a transition from words to actions.
Juan Cole, a professor at the University of Michigan and author of "Engaging the Muslim World," said that Saudi Arabia’s King Abdullah initially suggested that the president’s speech would set forward a very wide-ranging peace plan. But "the White House has denied this," Cole said. "And his staff is telling the press his speech will not put forward a specific plan but that he will probably emphasize values."
American foreign policy, many critics argue, is an object of scrutiny in the Muslim world. They cite the presence of combat troops in Iraq and Afghanistan; pressures on Pakistan to root out the Taliban, who have forced 3 million Pakistanis into homelessness; and the United States’ continued support of Israel. They say those issues are viewed by Muslims worldwide as vestiges of American imperialism.
"So, unless Obama can give them concrete specifics about his policies that address these burning issues for them, there’s a little bit of a danger of the speech being a P.R. exercise — and we’ve seen that happen before," Cole said.
It is implausible, some Muslims contend, that Obama can settle all scores today in his speech at Cairo University, noting previous efforts by other American presidents. "It seems to me that some want to shoot the moon," said Saeed Khan, a fellow at the Institute for Social Policy and Understanding in Clinton Township. "They want very concrete measures put in place, with some almost-certain deadlines. Obama himself has set the bar pretty high.
"President Obama has established ‘bona fides.’ But there is a sense of urgency among people to say, ‘If not now, when?’ and a fear that if any problems are going to take several years to resolve, what will happen if there is only one term? Or what happens if it takes longer than two terms? Will the situation revert to the ‘status quo ante’? This is playing on Muslim minds throughout the world."
A.S. Nakadar, publisher and editor of The Muslim Observer, a 10-year-old newspaper in Farmington, suggested that Obama can improve relations between the United States and Muslim countries by speaking to simple virtues and connecting with the youth and heads of state in the Muslim countries.
"If he can instill in the youths the confidence that we can work together for the betterment of the world and humanity at large, that can contribute a lot," Nakadar said.
"And, to the heads of state, he should say to them that it is their responsibility to weed out the extremists that advocate violence, and that it is their responsibility also to address the human rights issues and the principles that we espouse as Americans."
The selection of Egypt as the venue for the speech also was criticized. Although it’s officially a democracy, local Muslims question that status, noting that the country’s president, Hosni Mubarak, has served for nearly three decades while candidates they considered as worthy opponents had been kept off the ballots.
Amid that culture, the question remains: How much can Obama accomplish in a speech?
"It is a good thing that he is addressing the Muslim world," said Todd Mendel, president of the Jewish Community Relations Council.
"Whether he will accomplish much, I have doubts. I would like to be optimistic. But, pragmatically, I am not sure it would do much, other than the beginning of a long process."
Office of the Press Secretary (Cairo,Egypt) ________________________________________________ FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE June 4, 2009
REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT ON A NEW BEGINNING
Cairo University Cairo, Egypt
1:10 P.M. (Local)
PRESIDENT OBAMA: Thank you very much. Good afternoon. I am honored to be in the timeless city of Cairo, and to be hosted by two remarkable institutions. For over a thousand years, Al-Azhar has stood as a beacon of Islamic learning; and for over a century, Cairo University has been a source of Egypt’s advancement. And together, you represent the harmony between tradition and progress. I’m grateful for your hospitality, and the hospitality of the people of Egypt. And I’m also proud to carry with me the goodwill of the American people, and a greeting of peace from Muslim communities in my country: Assalaamu alaykum. (Applause.)
We meet at a time of great tension between the United States and Muslims around the world — tension rooted in historical forces that go beyond any current policy debate. The relationship between Islam and the West includes centuries of coexistence and cooperation, but also conflict and religious wars. More recently, tension has been fed by colonialism that denied rights and opportunities to many Muslims, and a Cold War in which Muslim-majority countries were too often treated as proxies without regard to their own aspirations. Moreover, the sweeping change brought by modernity and globalization led many Muslims to view the West as hostile to the traditions of Islam.
Violent extremists have exploited these tensions in a small but potent minority of Muslims. The attacks of September 11, 2001 and the continued efforts of these extremists to engage in violence against civilians has led some in my country to view Islam as inevitably hostile not only to America and Western countries, but also to human rights. All this has bred more fear and more mistrust.
So long as our relationship is defined by our differences, we will empower those who sow hatred rather than peace, those who promote conflict rather than the cooperation that can help all of our people achieve justice and prosperity. And this cycle of suspicion and discord must end.
I’ve come here to Cairo to seek a new beginning between the United States and Muslims around the world, one based on mutual interest and mutual respect, and one based upon the truth that America and Islam are not exclusive and need not be in competition. Instead, they overlap, and share common principles — principles of justice and progress; tolerance and the dignity of all human beings.
I do so recognizing that change cannot happen overnight. I know there’s been a lot of publicity about this speech, but no single speech can eradicate years of mistrust, nor can I answer in the time that I have this afternoon all the complex questions that brought us to this point. But I am convinced that in order to move forward, we must say openly to each other the things we hold in our hearts and that too often are said only behind closed doors. There must be a sustained effort to listen to each other; to learn from each other; to respect one another; and to seek common ground. As the Holy Koran tells us, "Be conscious of God and speak always the truth." (Applause.) That is what I will try to do today — to speak the truth as best I can, humbled by the task before us, and firm in my belief that the interests we share as human beings are far more powerful than the forces that drive us apart.
Now part of this conviction is rooted in my own experience. I’m a Christian, but my father came from a Kenyan family that includes generations of Muslims. As a boy, I spent several years in Indonesia and heard the call of the azaan at the break of dawn and at the fall of dusk. As a young man, I worked in Chicago communities where many found dignity and peace in their Muslim faith.
As a student of history, I also know civilization’s debt to Islam. It was Islam — at places like Al-Azhar — that carried the light of learning through so many centuries, paving the way for Europe’s Renaissance and Enlightenment. It was innovation in Muslim communities — (applause) — it was innovation in Muslim communities that developed the order of algebra; our magnetic compass and tools of navigation; our mastery of pens and printing; our understanding of how disease spreads and how it can be healed. Islamic culture has given us majestic arches and soaring spires; timeless poetry and cherished music; elegant calligraphy and places of peaceful contemplation. And throughout history, Islam has demonstrated through words and deeds the possibilities of religious tolerance and racial equality. (Applause.)
I also know that Islam has always been a part of America’s story. The first nation to recognize my country was Morocco. In signing the Treaty of Tripoli in 1796, our second President, John Adams, wrote, "The United States has in itself no character of enmity against the laws, religion or tranquility of Muslims." And since our founding, American Muslims have enriched the United States. They have fought in our wars, they have served in our government, they have stood for civil rights, they have started businesses, they have taught at our universities, they’ve excelled in our sports arenas, they’ve won Nobel Prizes, built our tallest building, and lit the Olympic Torch. And when the first Muslim American was recently elected to Congress, he took the oath to defend our Constitution using the same Holy Koran that one of our Founding Fathers — Thomas Jefferson — kept in his personal library. (Applause.)
So I have known Islam on three continents before coming to the region where it was first revealed. That experience guides my conviction that partnership between America and Islam must be based on what Islam is, not what it isn’t. And I consider it part of my responsibility as President of the United States to fight against negative stereotypes of Islam wherever they appear. (Applause.)
But that same principle must apply to Muslim perceptions of America. (Applause.) Just as Muslims do not fit a crude stereotype, America is not the crude stereotype of a self-interested empire. The United States has been one of the greatest sources of progress that the world has ever known. We were born out of revolution against an empire. We were founded upon the ideal that all are created equal, and we have shed blood and struggled for centuries to give meaning to those words — within our borders, and around the world. We are shaped by every culture, drawn from every end of the Earth, and dedicated to a simple concept: E pluribus unum — "Out of many, one."
Now, much has been made of the fact that an African American with the name Barack Hussein Obama could be elected President. (Applause.) But my personal story is not so unique. The dream of opportunity for all people has not come true for everyone in America, but its promise exists for all who come to our shores — and that includes nearly 7 million American Muslims in our country today who, by the way, enjoy incomes and educational levels that are higher than the American average. (Applause.)
Moreover, freedom in America is indivisible from the freedom to practice one’s religion. That is why there is a mosque in every state in our union, and over 1,200 mosques within our borders. That’s why the United States government has gone to court to protect the right of women and girls to wear the hijab and to punish those who would deny it. (Applause.)
So let there be no doubt: Islam is a part of America. And I believe that America holds within her the truth that regardless of race, religion, or station in life, all of us share common aspirations — to live in peace and security; to get an education and to work with dignity; to love our families, our communities, and our God. These things we share. This is the hope of all humanity.
Of course, recognizing our common humanity is only the beginning of our task. Words alone cannot meet the needs of our people. These needs will be met only if we act boldly in the years ahead; and if we understand that the challenges we face are shared, and our failure to meet them will hurt us all.
For we have learned from recent experience that when a financial system weakens in one country, prosperity is hurt everywhere. When a new flu infects one human being, all are at risk. When one nation pursues a nuclear weapon, the risk of nuclear attack rises for all nations. When violent extremists operate in one stretch of mountains, people are endangered across an ocean. When innocents in Bosnia and Darfur are slaughtered, that is a stain on our collective conscience. (Applause.) That is what it means to share this world in the 21st century. That is the responsibility we have to one another as human beings.
And this is a difficult responsibility to embrace. For human history has often been a record of nations and tribes — and, yes, religions — subjugating one another in pursuit of their own interests. Yet in this new age, such attitudes are self-defeating. Given our interdependence, any world order that elevates one nation or group of people over another will inevitably fail. So whatever we think of the past, we must not be prisoners to it. Our problems must be dealt with through partnership; our progress must be shared. (Applause.)
Now, that does not mean we should ignore sources of tension. Indeed, it suggests the opposite: We must face these tensions squarely. And so in that spirit, let me speak as clearly and as plainly as I can about some specific issues that I believe we must finally confront together.
The first issue that we have to confront is violent extremism in all of its forms.
In Ankara, I made clear that America is not — and never will be — at war with Islam. (Applause.) We will, however, relentlessly confront violent extremists who pose a grave threat to our security — because we reject the same thing that people of all faiths reject: the killing of innocent men, women, and children. And it is my first duty as President to protect the American people.
The situation in Afghanistan demonstrates America’s goals, and our need to work together. Over seven years ago, the United States pursued al Qaeda and the Taliban with broad international support. We did not go by choice; we went because of necessity. I’m aware that there’s still some who would question or even justify the events of 9/11. But let us be clear: Al Qaeda killed nearly 3,000 people on that day. The victims were innocent men, women and children from America and many other nations who had done nothing to harm anybody. And yet al Qaeda chose to ruthlessly murder these people, claimed credit for the attack, and even now states their determination to kill on a massive scale. They have affiliates in many countries and are trying to expand their reach. These are not opinions to be debated; these are facts to be dealt with.
Now, make no mistake: We do not want to keep our troops in Afghanistan. We see no military — we seek no military bases there. It is agonizing for America to lose our young men and women. It is costly and politically difficult to continue this conflict. We would gladly bring every single one of our troops home if we could be confident that there were not violent extremists in Afghanistan and now Pakistan determined to kill as many Americans as they possibly can. But that is not yet the case.
And that’s why we’re partnering with a coalition of 46 countries. And despite the costs involved, America’s commitment will not weaken. Indeed, none of us should tolerate these extremists. They have killed in many countries. They have killed people of different faiths — but more than any other, they have killed Muslims. Their actions are irreconcilable with the rights of human beings, the progress of nations, and with Islam. The Holy Koran teaches that whoever kills an innocent is as — it is as if he has killed all mankind. (Applause.) And the Holy Koran also says whoever saves a person, it is as if he has saved all mankind. (Applause.) The enduring faith of over a billion people is so much bigger than the narrow hatred of a few. Islam is not part of the problem in combating violent extremism — it is an important part of promoting peace.
Now, we also know that military power alone is not going to solve the problems in Afghanistan and Pakistan. That’s why we plan to invest $1.5 billion each year over the next five years to partner with Pakistanis to build schools and hospitals, roads and businesses, and hundreds of millions to help those who’ve been displaced. That’s why we are providing more than $2.8 billion to help Afghans develop their economy and deliver services that people depend on.
Let me also address the issue of Iraq. Unlike Afghanistan, Iraq was a war of choice that provoked strong differences in my country and around the world. Although I believe that the Iraqi people are ultimately better off without the tyranny of Saddam Hussein, I also believe that events in Iraq have reminded America of the need to use diplomacy and build international consensus to resolve our problems whenever possible. (Applause.) Indeed, we can recall the words of Thomas Jefferson, who said: "I hope that our wisdom will grow with our power, and teach us that the less we use our power the greater it will be."
Today, America has a dual responsibility: to help Iraq forge a better future — and to leave Iraq to Iraqis. And I have made it clear to the Iraqi people — (applause) — I have made it clear to the Iraqi people that we pursue no bases, and no claim on their territory or resources. Iraq’s sovereignty is its own. And that’s why I ordered the removal of our combat brigades by next August. That is why we will honor our agreement with Iraq’s democratically elected government to remove combat troops from Iraqi cities by July, and to remove all of our troops from Iraq by 2012. (Applause.) We will help Iraq train its security forces and develop its economy. But we will support a secure and united Iraq as a partner, and never as a patron.
And finally, just as America can never tolerate violence by extremists, we must never alter or forget our principles. Nine-eleven was an enormous trauma to our country. The fear and anger that it provoked was understandable, but in some cases, it led us to act contrary to our traditions and our ideals. We are taking concrete actions to change course. I have unequivocally prohibited the use of torture by the United States, and I have ordered the prison at Guantanamo Bay closed by early next year. (Applause.)
So America will defend itself, respectful of the sovereignty of nations and the rule of law. And we will do so in partnership with Muslim communities which are also threatened. The sooner the extremists are isolated and unwelcome in Muslim communities, the sooner we will all be safer.
The second major source of tension that we need to discuss is the situation between Israelis, Palestinians and the Arab world.
America’s strong bonds with Israel are well known. This bond is unbreakable. It is based upon cultural and historical ties, and the recognition that the aspiration for a Jewish homeland is rooted in a tragic history that cannot be denied.
Around the world, the Jewish people were persecuted for centuries, and anti-Semitism in Europe culminated in an unprecedented Holocaust. Tomorrow, I will visit Buchenwald, which was part of a network of camps where Jews were enslaved, tortured, shot and gassed to death by the Third Reich. Six million Jews were killed — more than the entire Jewish population of Israel today. Denying that fact is baseless, it is ignorant, and it is hateful. Threatening Israel with destruction — or repeating vile stereotypes about Jews — is deeply wrong, and only serves to evoke in the minds of Israelis this most painful of memories while preventing the peace that the people of this region deserve.
On the other hand, it is also undeniable that the Palestinian people — Muslims and Christians — have suffered in pursuit of a homeland. For more than 60 years they’ve endured the pain of dislocation. Many wait in refugee camps in the West Bank, Gaza, and neighboring lands for a life of peace and security that they have never been able to lead. They endure the daily humiliations — large and small — that come with occupation. So let there be no doubt: The situation for the Palestinian people is intolerable. And America will not turn our backs on the legitimate Palestinian aspiration for dignity, opportunity, and a state of their own. (Applause.)
For decades then, there has been a stalemate: two peoples with legitimate aspirations, each with a painful history that makes compromise elusive. It’s easy to point fingers — for Palestinians to point to the displacement brought about by Israel’s founding, and for Israelis to point to the constant hostility and attacks throughout its history from within its borders as well as beyond. But if we see this conflict only from one side or the other, then we will be blind to the truth: The only resolution is for the aspirations of both sides to be met through two states, where Israelis and Palestinians each live in peace and security. (Applause.)
That is in Israel’s interest, Palestine’s interest, America’s interest, and the world’s interest. And that is why I intend to personally pursue this outcome with all the patience and dedication that the task requires. (Applause.) The obligations — the obligations that the parties have agreed to under the road map are clear. For peace to come, it is time for them — and all of us — to live up to our responsibilities.
Palestinians must abandon violence. Resistance through violence and killing is wrong and it does not succeed. For centuries, black people in America suffered the lash of the whip as slaves and the humiliation of segregation. But it was not violence that won full and equal rights. It was a peaceful and determined insistence upon the ideals at the center of America’s founding. This same story can be told by people from South Africa to South Asia; from Eastern Europe to Indonesia. It’s a story with a simple truth: that violence is a dead end. It is a sign neither of courage nor power to shoot rockets at sleeping children, or to blow up old women on a bus. That’s not how moral authority is claimed; that’s how it is surrendered.
Now is the time for Palestinians to focus on what they can build. The Palestinian Authority must develop its capacity to govern, with institutions that serve the needs of its people. Hamas does have support among some Palestinians, but they also have to recognize they have responsibilities. To play a role in fulfilling Palestinian aspirations, to unify the Palestinian people, Hamas must put an end to violence, recognize past agreements, recognize Israel’s right to exist.
At the same time, Israelis must acknowledge that just as Israel’s right to exist cannot be denied, neither can Palestine’s. The United States does not accept the legitimacy of continued Israeli settlements. (Applause.) This construction violates previous agreements and undermines efforts to achieve peace. It is time for these settlements to stop. (Applause.)
And Israel must also live up to its obligation to ensure that Palestinians can live and work and develop their society. Just as it devastates Palestinian families, the continuing humanitarian crisis in Gaza does not serve Israel’s security; neither does the continuing lack of opportunity in the West Bank. Progress in the daily lives of the Palestinian people must be a critical part of a road to peace, and Israel must take concrete steps to enable such progress.
And finally, the Arab states must recognize that the Arab Peace Initiative was an important beginning, but not the end of their responsibilities. The Arab-Israeli conflict should no longer be used to distract the people of Arab nations from other problems. Instead, it must be a cause for action to help the Palestinian people develop the institutions that will sustain their state, to recognize Israel’s legitimacy, and to choose progress over a self-defeating focus on the past.
America will align our policies with those who pursue peace, and we will say in public what we say in private to Israelis and Palestinians and Arabs. (Applause.) We cannot impose peace. But privately, many Muslims recognize that Israel will not go away. Likewise, many Israelis recognize the need for a Palestinian state. It is time for us to act on what everyone knows to be true.
Too many tears have been shed. Too much blood has been shed. All of us have a responsibility to work for the day when the mothers of Israelis and Palestinians can see their children grow up without fear; when the Holy Land of the three great faiths is the place of peace that God intended it to be; when Jerusalem is a secure and lasting home for Jews and Christians and Muslims, and a place for all of the children of Abraham to mingle peacefully together as in the story of Isra — (applause) — as in the story of Isra, when Moses, Jesus, and Mohammed, peace be upon them, joined in prayer. (Applause.)
The third source of tension is our shared interest in the rights and responsibilities of nations on nuclear weapons.
This issue has been a source of tension between the United States and the Islamic Republic of Iran. For many years, Iran has defined itself in part by its opposition to my country, and there is in fact a tumultuous history between us. In the middle of the Cold War, the United States played a role in the overthrow of a democratically elected Iranian government. Since the Islamic Revolution, Iran has played a role in acts of hostage-taking and violence against U.S. troops and civilians. This history is well known. Rather than remain trapped in the past, I’ve made it clear to Iran’s leaders and people that my country is prepared to move forward. The question now is not what Iran is against, but rather what future it wants to build.
I recognize it will be hard to overcome decades of mistrust, but we will proceed with courage, rectitude, and resolve. There will be many issues to discuss between our two countries, and we are willing to move forward without preconditions on the basis of mutual respect. But it is clear to all concerned that when it comes to nuclear weapons, we have reached a decisive point. This is not simply about America’s interests. It’s about preventing a nuclear arms race in the Middle East that could lead this region and the world down a hugely dangerous path.
I understand those who protest that some countries have weapons that others do not. No single nation should pick and choose which nation holds nuclear weapons. And that’s why I strongly reaffirmed America’s commitment to seek a world in which no nations hold nuclear weapons. (Applause.) And any nation — including Iran — should have the right to access peaceful nuclear power if it complies with its responsibilities under the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. That commitment is at the core of the treaty, and it must be kept for all who fully abide by it. And I’m hopeful that all countries in the region can share in this goal.
The fourth issue that I will address is democracy. (Applause.)
I know — I know there has been controversy about the promotion of democracy in recent years, and much of this controversy is connected to the war in Iraq. So let me be clear: No system of government can or should be imposed by one nation by any other. That does not lessen my commitment, however, to governments that reflect the will of the people. Each nation gives life to this principle in its own way, grounded in the traditions of its own people. America does not presume to know what is best for everyone, just as we would not presume to pick the outcome of a peaceful election. But I do have an unyielding belief that all people yearn for certain things: the ability to speak your mind and have a say in how you are governed; confidence in the rule of law and the equal administration of justice; government that is transparent and doesn’t steal from the people; the freedom to live as you choose. These are not just American ideas; they are human rights. And that is why we will support them everywhere. (Applause.)
Now, there is no straight line to realize this promise. But this much is clear: Governments that protect these rights are ultimately more stable, successful and secure. Suppressing ideas never succeeds in making them go away. America respects the right of all peaceful and law-abiding voices to be heard around the world, even if we disagree with them. And we will welcome all elected, peaceful governments — provided they govern with respect for all their people.
This last point is important because there are some who advocate for democracy only when they’re out of power; once in power, they are ruthless in suppressing the rights of others. (Applause.) So no matter where it takes hold, government of the people and by the people sets a single standard for all who would hold power: You must maintain your power through consent, not coercion; you must respect the rights of minorities, and participate with a spirit of tolerance and compromise; you must place the interests of your people and the legitimate workings of the political process above your party. Without these ingredients, elections alone do not make true democracy.
AUDIENCE MEMBER: Barack Obama, we love you!
PRESIDENT OBAMA: Thank you. (Applause.) The fifth issue that we must address together is religious freedom.
Islam has a proud tradition of tolerance. We see it in the history of Andalusia and Cordoba during the Inquisition. I saw it firsthand as a child in Indonesia, where devout Christians worshiped freely in an overwhelmingly Muslim country. That is the spirit we need today. People in every country should be free to choose and live their faith based upon the persuasion of the mind and the heart and the soul. This tolerance is essential for religion to thrive, but it’s being challenged in many different ways.
Among some Muslims, there’s a disturbing tendency to measure one’s own faith by the rejection of somebody else’s faith. The richness of religious diversity must be upheld — whether it is for Maronites in Lebanon or the Copts in Egypt. (Applause.) And if we are being honest, fault lines must be closed among Muslims, as well, as the divisions between Sunni and Shia have led to tragic violence, particularly in Iraq.
Freedom of religion is central to the ability of peoples to live together. We must always examine the ways in which we protect it. For instance, in the United States, rules on charitable giving have made it harder for Muslims to fulfill their religious obligation. That’s why I’m committed to working with American Muslims to ensure that they can fulfill zakat.
Likewise, it is important for Western countries to avoid impeding Muslim citizens from practicing religion as they see fit — for instance, by dictating what clothes a Muslim woman should wear. We can’t disguise hostility towards any religion behind the pretence of liberalism. In fact, faith should bring us together. And that’s why we’re forging service projects in America to bring together Christians, Muslims, and Jews. That’s why we welcome efforts like Saudi Arabian King Abdullah’s interfaith dialogue and Turkey’s leadership in the Alliance of Civilizations. Around the world, we can turn dialogue into interfaith service, so bridges between peoples lead to action — whether it is combating malaria in Africa, or providing relief after a natural disaster.
The sixth issue — the sixth issue that I want to address is women’s rights. (Applause.) I know –- I know — and you can tell from this audience, that there is a healthy debate about this issue. I reject the view of some in the West that a woman who chooses to cover her hair is somehow less equal, but I do believe that a woman who is denied an education is denied equality. (Applause.) And it is no coincidence that countries where women are well educated are far more likely to be prosperous.
Now, let me be clear: Issues of women’s equality are by no means simply an issue for Islam. In Turkey, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, we’ve seen Muslim-majority countries elect a woman to lead. Meanwhile, the struggle for women’s equality continues in many aspects of American life, and in countries around the world.
I am convinced that our daughters can contribute just as much to society as our sons. (Applause.) Our common prosperity will be advanced by allowing all humanity — men and women — to reach their full potential. I do not believe that women must make the same choices as men in order to be equal, and I respect those women who choose to live their lives in traditional roles. But it should be their choice. And that is why the United States will partner with any Muslim-majority country to support expanded literacy for girls, and to help young women pursue employment through micro-financing that helps people live their dreams. (Applause.)
Finally, I want to discuss economic development and opportunity.
I know that for many, the face of globalization is contradictory. The Internet and television can bring knowledge and information, but also offensive sexuality and mindless violence into the home. Trade can bring new wealth and opportunities, but also huge disruptions and change in communities. In all nations — including America — this change can bring fear. Fear that because of modernity we lose control over our economic choices, our politics, and most importantly our identities — those things we most cherish about our communities, our families, our traditions, and our faith.
But I also know that human progress cannot be denied. There need not be contradictions between development and tradition. Countries like Japan and South Korea grew their economies enormously while maintaining distinct cultures. The same is true for the astonishing progress within Muslim-majority countries from Kuala Lumpur to Dubai. In ancient times and in our times, Muslim communities have been at the forefront of innovation and education.
And this is important because no development strategy can be based only upon what comes out of the ground, nor can it be sustained while young people are out of work. Many Gulf states have enjoyed great wealth as a consequence of oil, and some are beginning to focus it on broader development. But all of us must recognize that education and innovation will be the currency of the 21st century — (applause) — and in too many Muslim communities, there remains underinvestment in these areas. I’m emphasizing such investment within my own country. And while America in the past has focused on oil and gas when it comes to this part of the world, we now seek a broader engagement.
On education, we will expand exchange programs, and increase scholarships, like the one that brought my father to America. (Applause.) At the same time, we will encourage more Americans to study in Muslim communities. And we will match promising Muslim students with internships in America; invest in online learning for teachers and children around the world; and create a new online network, so a young person in Kansas can communicate instantly with a young person in Cairo.
On economic development, we will create a new corps of business volunteers to partner with counterparts in Muslim-majority countries. And I will host a Summit on Entrepreneurship this year to identify how we can deepen ties between business leaders, foundations and social entrepreneurs in the United States and Muslim communities around the world.
On science and technology, we will launch a new fund to support technological development in Muslim-majority countries, and to help transfer ideas to the marketplace so they can create more jobs. We’ll open centers of scientific excellence in Africa, the Middle East and Southeast Asia, and appoint new science envoys to collaborate on programs that develop new sources of energy, create green jobs, digitize records, clean water, grow new crops. Today I’m announcing a new global effort with the Organization of the Islamic Conference to eradicate polio. And we will also expand partnerships with Muslim communities to promote child and maternal health.
All these things must be done in partnership. Americans are ready to join with citizens and governments; community organizations, religious leaders, and businesses in Muslim communities around the world to help our people pursue a better life.
The issues that I have described will not be easy to address. But we have a responsibility to join together on behalf of the world that we seek — a world where extremists no longer threaten our people, and American troops have come home; a world where Israelis and Palestinians are each secure in a state of their own, and nuclear energy is used for peaceful purposes; a world where governments serve their citizens, and the rights of all God’s children are respected. Those are mutual interests. That is the world we seek. But we can only achieve it together.
I know there are many — Muslim and non-Muslim — who question whether we can forge this new beginning. Some are eager to stoke the flames of division, and to stand in the way of progress. Some suggest that it isn’t worth the effort — that we are fated to disagree, and civilizations are doomed to clash. Many more are simply skeptical that real change can occur. There’s so much fear, so much mistrust that has built up over the years. But if we choose to be bound by the past, we will never move forward. And I want to particularly say this to young people of every faith, in every country — you, more than anyone, have the ability to reimagine the world, to remake this world.
All of us share this world for but a brief moment in time. The question is whether we spend that time focused on what pushes us apart, or whether we commit ourselves to an effort — a sustained effort — to find common ground, to focus on the future we seek for our children, and to respect the dignity of all human beings.
It’s easier to start wars than to end them. It’s easier to blame others than to look inward. It’s easier to see what is different about someone than to find the things we share. But we should choose the right path, not just the easy path. There’s one rule that lies at the heart of every religion — that we do unto others as we would have them do unto us. (Applause.) This truth transcends nations and peoples — a belief that isn’t new; that isn’t black or white or brown; that isn’t Christian or Muslim or Jew. It’s a belief that pulsed in the cradle of civilization, and that still beats in the hearts of billions around the world. It’s a faith in other people, and it’s what brought me here today.
We have the power to make the world we seek, but only if we have the courage to make a new beginning, keeping in mind what has been written.
The Holy Koran tells us: "O mankind! We have created you male and a female; and we have made you into nations and tribes so that you may know one another."
The Talmud tells us: "The whole of the Torah is for the purpose of promoting peace."
The Holy Bible tells us: "Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God." (Applause.)
The people of the world can live together in peace. We know that is God’s vision. Now that must be our work here on Earth.
Thank you. And may God’s peace be upon you. Thank you very much. Thank you. (Applause.)
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